Tennis elbow, medically known as lateral epicondylitis, is a common condition that causes pain on the outer side of the elbow. It occurs when the tendons that attach the forearm muscles to the elbow become irritated or degenerate due to repetitive use or strain. Despite its name, tennis elbow does not only affect tennis players. It commonly develops in people who perform repetitive gripping, lifting or wrist extension activities, including manual workers, tradespeople, office workers and recreational athletes. Tennis elbow can interfere with everyday activities such as lifting objects, gripping tools, turning door handles, shaking hands or using a computer mouse.
Diagnosis is usually based on a clinical assessment. This involves a detailed history and physical examination to identify typical symptom patterns and areas of tenderness. During examination, specific movements that stress the affected tendon are used to help confirm the diagnosis. Imaging may sometimes be recommended, particularly when symptoms persist or alternative diagnoses are being considered.
These investigations help guide treatment decisions and exclude other causes of elbow pain.
Surgical treatment may be considered when symptoms persist despite appropriate non-operative management and significantly affect daily activities or work capacity.
Tennis elbow surgery (lateral epicondylitis surgery) aims to remove damaged tendon tissue and promote tendon healing.
Recovery depends on symptom severity and whether surgery is required.
Tennis elbow surgery rehabilitation typically includes:
Recovery following non-surgical treatment may take several months. Recovery after surgery typically involves structured rehabilitation and gradual return to full activity over several months.
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